Specifically, impulsivity was not related to problem gambling when less favourable views of escape outcome expectancies were held. Although escape and excitement outcome expectancies partially accounted for the relationship between impulsivity and problem gambling scores, escape moderated the relationship. A total of 491 community members completed an online questionnaire that assessed impulsivity, the anticipated emotional benefits of gambling (escape and excitement outcome expectancies), gambling frequency and problem gambling. The current study examined the explanatory role of gambling outcome expectancies of escape and excitement to further explore the relationship between impulsivity and problem gambling. However, the way in which impulsivity shapes gambling behaviour is less well understood. Impulsivity is one of the individual level dispositional characteristics that have shown a robust association with problem gambling.
